what is Bootstrap, Ajax, DTD, XSL?

 

What is Bootstrap?

  • Bootstrap is a front-end open source framework to build responsive websites.
  • Bootstrap provides us predesigned CSS styles, JavaScript components.
  • Bootstrap create web interfaces, and attractive HTML templates.

How to use Bootstrap?
There are two ways to use Bootstrap in your webpage
1.     Using the Content Delivery Network (CDN):
  • Without download Bootstrap just copy the CSS, JS, file link from Bootstrap.com or w3c link and paste it within the <head> section:
2.     Download Bootstrap and Include Files Locally:
  • Download compiled CSS and JS files.
  • Unzip the downloaded file and Extract the CSS, JS Files and link it within the <head> section.
  • Example:
<html>
<head>
<title>my Resume</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css">
 
<!-- jQuery library -->
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<!-- Latest compiled JavaScript -->
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>

What is Ajax?

  • Ajax is an Asynchronous JavaScript and XML.
  • Ajax allows update their content without a full web page reload, it’s also called Asynchronous communication. 
  • Asynchronous communication interacts with the server without interrupting interaction with the current page.
  • Ajax enables to update specific section of the webpage rather than entire page.
Example: WAP to retrieve data from a text file and displaying it using AJAX

<html>
<head>
  <title>AJAX Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>AJAX Example</h2>
<button id="mb">Load Data</button>
<p id="show"></p>
<script>
document.getElementById("mb").addEventListener("click" , loadData);
function loadData(){
const x = new XMLHttpRequest();
x.open('GET','show.txt',true);
x.onload = function(){
if(this.status === 200){
document.getElementById("show").innerHTML = this.responseText;
}
}
x.send();
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
 
What is DTD?
  • DTD stand for Document type definition.
  • DTD is a set of structural rule for XML Element.
  • DTD specifies how XML element, attributes and entities are allowed in XML.
  • DTD also validate XML document.
  • What is XSL?
  • XSL stand for Extensible Stylesheet Language.
  • XSL is a W3C (world wide web consortium) XML transforming and presenting technologies.
  • It uses three key components to transform or present document
  1. XSLT (XSL Transformations):
  2. Xpath:
  3. XSL-FO (XSL Formatting Objects):

XSLT (XSL Transformations):
        XSL Transformations transform a XML document into other XML document like HTML or PDF. It converts a XML document into different schemas.

XPath:
        Xpath uses to navigate a specific data and selected element within an XML document  that needs to be transformed.

XSL-FO (XSL Formatting Objects):
    XSL-FO defines formatting objects and properties, as well as control layout and        presentation like CSS,

 


 


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